Silicon Tracking Detectors

 

Dr. Kleinfelder contributed to a wide range of advanced silicon tracking detectors at CDF, STAR, Atlas and a number of other experiments. Silicon trackers use high-purity silicon wafers to track the path of high-energy charged particles. Over more than two decades, these developments evolved from early strip detectors such as the SVX tracker, through silicon drift detectors such as at STAR, hybrid pixel detectors such as the massive Atlas tracker shown above, and most recently monolithic detectors such as STAR’s latest tracking program. Starting in the mid-1980‘s with the SVX development, Dr. Kleinfelder has contributed to each of these major shifts.


Related publications:


  1. •[J48] Andrew Rose, et. al., “Measurement of charm flow with the STAR heavy flavor tracker,” Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics, vol. 32, no. 12, pp. 571-574, Dec. 2006.

  2. •[J47] S. Kleinfelder, S. Li, F. Bieser, R. Gareus, L. Greiner, J. King, J. Levesque, H.S. Matis, M. Oldenburg, H.G. Ritter, F. Retiere, A. Rose, K. Schweda, A. Shabetai, E. Sichtermann, J.H. Thomas, H.H. Wieman, H. Bichsel, "A proposed STAR microvertex detector using Active Pixel Sensors (APS) with some relevant studies on APS performance," Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A, Vol. 565, Issue 1, pp. 132-138, Sept. 2006.

  3. •[J45] H. S. Matis, F. Bieser, Y. Chen, R. Gareus, S. Kleinfelder, M. Oldenburg, F. Retiere, H. G. Ritter, H. H. Wieman, S. E. Wurzel, E. Yamamoto, "Using an Active Pixel Sensor in a Vertex Detector," Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A, Vol. 549, pp 130-136, 2005.

  4. •[J44] S. Kleinfelder, F. Bieser, Y. Chen, R. Gareus, H. S. Matis, M. Oldenburg, F. Retiere, H. G. Ritter, H. H. Wieman, E. Yamamoto, "Novel Integrated CMOS Sensor Circuits," IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science, Vol. 51, No. 5, October 2004.

  5. •[J40] H. S. Matis, F. Bieser, S. Kleinfelder, G. Rai, F. Retiere, H. G. Ritter, K. Singh, S. E. Wurzel, H. Weiman, E. Yamamoto, “Charged Particle Detection using a CMOS Active Pixel Sensor,” IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science, Vol. 50, No. 4, pages 1020-1025, August 2003.

  6. •[J38] I. Gorelov, et al, “Electrical Characteristics of Silicon Pixel Detectors,” Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A, No. 489, pages 202-217, August 2002.

  7. •[J37] I. Gorelov, et al, “A Measurement of Lorentz Angle and Spatial Resolution of Radiation Hard Silicon Pixel Sensors,” Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A, no. 481, pages 204-221, April 2002.

  8. •[[J35] H. Wieman, F. Bieser, S. Kleinfelder, H.S. Matis, P. Nevski, G. Rai, N. Smirnov, “A New Inner Vertex Detector for STAR,” Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A, no. 473, pages 205-209, November 2001.

  9. •[J34] M.S. Alam, et al, “The Atlas Silicon Pixel Sensors,” Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A, no. 456, pages 217-232, January 2001.

  10. •[J32] W. Adam, et al, “The First Bump Bonded Pixel Detectors on CVD Diamond,” Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A, no. 436, pages 326- 335, November 1999.

  11. •[J31] R. Wedenig, et al., “CVD Diamond Pixel Detectors for LHC Experiments,” Nuclear Physics B, no. 78, pages 497-504, 1999.

  12. •[J30] K. Einsweiler, A. Joshi, S. Kleinfelder, L. Luo, R. Marchesini, O. Milgrome, F. Pengg, “Dead-Time Free Pixel Readout Architecture For Atlas Front-End IC,” IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science, Volume 46, Issue 3, Part 1, pages 166- 170, June 1999.

  13. •[J27] J. Antos et al, “The SVX-II Silicon Vertex Detector Upgrade at CDF,” Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A, no. 360, pages 118-124, 1995.

  14. •[J26] T. Zimmerman, M. Sarraj, R. Yarema, I. Kipnis, S. Kleinfelder, L. Luo, O. Milgrome, “The SVX2 Readout Chip,” IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science, Volume 42, Issue 4, Part 1:2, pages 803-807, August 1995.

  15. •[J25] P. Azzi, et al, “SVX': The New CDF Silicon Vertex Detector,” Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A, no. 360, pages 137-140, 1995.

  16. •[J22] D. Amidei et al, “The Silicon Vertex Detector of the Collider Detector at Fermilab,” Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A, no. 350, pages 73-130, 1994.

  17. •[J20] D. Amidei et al, “Electrical Performance of the CDF Silicon Vertex Detector.” Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A, no. 342, pages 251- 259, 1994.

  18. •[J19] S. Tkaczyk et al, “The CDF Silicon Vertex Detector,” Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A, no. 342, pages 240-250, 1994.

  19. •[J17] N. Bacchetta, R.P. Ely, C. Haber, S.A. Kleinfelder, O. Schneider, W.C. Wester, “Radiation Damage Measurements on the SVX Readout Chip,” Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A, no. 324, pages 284-287, 1993.

  20. •[J16] J.E. Skarha et al, “Progress in the Construction of the CDF Silicon Vertex Detector,” Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A, no. 315, pages 125-132, 1992.

  21. •[J10] W. C. Carithers, R. P. Ely, C. Haber, S. Holland, F. Kirsten, S. Kleinfelder, H. Spieler, W. C. Wester, M. Wong, F. Bedeschi, S. Galeotti, A. Menzione, G. Punzi, F. Raffaelli, F. Zetti, D. Amidei, T. Bohn, H. Carter, M. Hyrcyk, R. Kephart, C. Nelson, S. Segler, D. Tousignant, S. Tkacek, A. Tollestrup, K. Turner, R. Yarema, T. Zimmerman, C. Boswell, J. Matthews, S. Vejcik, “The CDF SVX: A Silicon Vertex Detector for a Hadron Collider,” Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A, no. 289, pages 388-399, 1990.

  22. •[J9] C. Haber, W. C. Carithers, R. P. Ely, S. Holland, F. Kirsten, S. Kleinfelder, H. Spieler, W. C. Wester, M. Wong, D. Amidei, M. Hrycyk, R. Kephart, S. Tkacek, A. Tollestrup, R. J. Yarema, T. Zimmerman, F. Bedeschi, S. Galeotti, A. Menzione, G. Punzi, F. Raffaelli, F. Zetti, “Design and Prototyping of the Front-end Readout System for the CDF Silicon Vertex Detector,” IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science, Volume 37, Issue 3, Part 1-2, pages 1120- 1126, June 1990.

  23. •[J6] R. J. Yarema, D. Amidei, T. Bohn, T. Zimmerman, R. P. Ely, C. Haber, S. Kleinfelder, W. Wester, S. Vejcik, “Radiation Effects on the SVX Silicon Strip Readout Chip,” IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science, Volume 37, Issue 2, Part 2, pages 434-438, April 1990.

  24. •[J4] F. Bedeschi, S. Galeotti, A. Menzione, G. Punzi, W. Carithers, R. Ely, C. Haber, F. Kirsten, S. Kleinfelder, H. Spieler, S. Waterman, A. Tollestrup, R. Yarema, T. Zimmerman, “CDF Silicon Detector Prototype Test Beam Results,” IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science, Volume 36, Issue 1, Part 1, pages 35-39, February 1989.

  25. •[J3] S. A. Kleinfelder, “Custom MOS VLSI Design; Tools And Methods,” IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science, Volume 36, Issue 1, Part 1, pages 484-492, Feb. 1989 (invited paper).

  26. •[J2] S. A. Kleinfelder, W. C. Carithers, R. P. Ely, Jr., C. Haber, F. Kirsten, H. G. Spieler, “A Flexible 128 Channel Silicon Strip Detector Instrumentation Integrated Circuit with Sparse Data Readout,” IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science, Volume 36, Issue 1, Part 1, pages 171-175, February 1989.

  27. •[C54] S. Li, H. Matis, S. Kleinfelder, “Monte-Carlo Modeling of Monolithic CMOS Sensors for X-ray and Charged-Particle Imaging,” Proceedings of the SPIE, vol. 6707, 2007.

  28. •[C52] M. Ahooie, S. Kleinfelder, “Monolithic Charged Particle Imaging using Per- Pixel Correlated Double Sampling,” Proceedings of 2006 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium, San Diego, CA, October 2006.

  29. •[C42] S. Kleinfelder, F. Bieser, Y. Chen, R. Gareus, H.S. Matis, M. Oldenburg, F. Retiere, H.G. Ritter, H.H. Wieman, E. Yamamoto, "Novel Integrated Pixel Structures for Vertex Detectors," Nuclear Science Symposium, 2003, Conference Record of the 2003 IEEE, 2003.

  30. •[C38] H. S. Matis, F. Bieser, S. Kleinfelder, G. Rai, F. Retiere, H. G. Ritter, K. Singh, S. E. Wurzell, H. Wieman, E. Yamamoto, “A CMOS Active Pixel Sensor for Charged Particle Detection,” Nuclear Science Symposium, 2002. Conference Record of the 2002 IEEE, 2002.

  31. •[C36] S. Kleinfelder, H. Bichsel, F. Bieser, H. S. Matis, G. Rai, F. Retiere, H. Weiman, E. Yamamoto, “Integrated X-Ray and Charged Particle Active Pixel CMOS Sensor Arrays using an Epitaxial Silicon Sensitive Region” Proceedings of the SPIE Hard X-Ray and Gamma Ray Detector Physics IV, July, 2002.

  32. •[C29] K. Einsweiler, A. Joshi, S. Kleinfelder, L. Luo, R. Marchesini, O. Milgrome, F. Pengg, “Dead-Time Free Pixel Readout Architecture For Atlas Front-End IC,” Nuclear Science Symposium, 1998. Conference Record. 1998 IEEE, Volume 1, pages 75-79, 1998.

  33. •[C27] W. Adam, et al, “Bump Bonded Pixel Detectors On CVD Diamond From RD42,” Proceedings of PIXEL98, International Pixel Detector Workshop, Batavia, IL, p. 363-370, 7-9 May 1998.

  34. •[C26] M. E. Wiedenbeck, E. R. Christian, C. M. S. Cohen, W. R. Cook, A. C. Cummings, B. L. Dougherty, B. Gaul, R. Grumm, B. Kecman, S. A. Kleinfelder, R. A. Leske, R. A. Mewaldt, R. G. Radocinski, S. Shuman, E. C. Stone, M. R. Thayer, T. T. von Rosenvinge, “Silicon Strip Detectors with Custom VLSI Readout Electronics for the SIS Instrument of Ace,” Proceedings of the 25th International Cosmic Ray Conference, Durban, South Africa, 1997.

  35. •[C23] T. Zimmerman, M. Sarraj, R. Yarema, I. Kipnis, S. Kleinfelder, L. Luo, O. Milgrome, “The SVX2 Readout Chip,” Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference, 1994. 1994 IEEE Conference Record Volume 1, pages 483-487, 1995.

  36. •[C19] S. Tkaczyk, et al., “The CDF Silicon Vertex Detector,” Proceedings of the International Symposium on the Developments and Application of Semiconductor Tracking Detectors, Hiroshima, Japan, May 1993.

  37. •[C18] F. Bedeschi, et al, “Operation of the CDF Silicon Vertex Detector with Colliding Beams at Fermilab,” Proceedings of the XXVIth International Conference on High Energy Physics, Dallas Texas, August 1992, American Institute of Physics Conference Proceedings 272, 1993.

  38. •[C17] W.R. Cook, A.C. Cummings, B. Kecman, R.A. Mewaldt, D. Aalami, S.A. Kleinfelder, J.H. Marshall, “Custom Analog VLSI for the Advanced Composition Explorer (ACE),” Small Instruments for Space Physics / Proceedings of the Small Instrument Workshop, Pasadena, CA., 7-19, 1993.

  39. •[C13] J. Skarha, et al, “Construction of the CDF Silicon Vertex Detector,” Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference, 1991. Conference Record of the 1991 IEEE, pages 426-430, 1991.

  40. •[C12] W. C. Carithers, R. Ely, C. Haber, S. Holland, S. Kleinfelder, T. Merrick, O. Schneider, W. Wester, M. Wong, H. Carter, B. Flaugher, B. Gonzales, M Hrycyk, C. Nelson, S. Segler, T. Shaw, S. Tkaczyk, K. Turner, T. R. Wesson, B. Barnet, “The CDF Silicon Vertex Detector: An Overview and Test Results,” Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference, 1991. Conference Record of the 1991 IEEE, pages 475-479, 1991.

  41. •[C4] C. Haber, et al, “The CDF Silicon Microstrip Vertex Detector,” Proceedings of the 7th Topical Workshop on Proton-Antiproton Collider Physics, World Scientific, Singapore, 1989.

  42. •[C3] C. Haber, et al, “The SVX IC: A 128 Channel Charge Amplifier with Sparse Scan,” Proceedings of the Workshop on Particle Identification, Fermilab, 1989.

  43. •[P15] Z. Xu, et. al., “A Heavy Flavor Tracker for Star,” LBNL-PUB-5509, 84pp., March 2006.

  44. •[P11] M. S. Alam, et. al., “The ATLAS pixel detector: Technical design report,” CERN-LHCC-98-13, 330pp., May 1998.

  45. •[P7] R. Yarema, et. al., “A beginners guide to the SVXII,” Fermilab-TM-1892, 30pp., Jun. 1994.

  46. •[P3] A. J. Weinstein, et. al., “Silicon tracking conceptual design report,” SDC-91- 133, 172pp., Mar. 1992.

 

Department of Energy / LBNL

 
 

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